![]() People with primary insomnia have a higher heart rate during sleep than normal people. Oxygen uptake during stage 3 and 4 non-REM sleep is increased in people with primary insomnia compared to normal subjects. In individuals with primary insomnia, less melatonin is released, and greater brain blood flow has been recorded during sleep. It is associated with an increased awareness of thinking during sleep and with feeling un-refreshed in the morning. Alpha brain waves are also more common, indicating that an individual with primary insomnia is more easily woken by stimuli (e.g. noise and light). Measurements of brain waves recorded by an electroencephalograph ( EEG) show less deep sleep activity during sleep in individuals with primary insomnia than in people without primary insomnia. Over-thinking at bedtime: These thoughts often centre around a fear of not sleeping or frustration and anxiety regarding the insomnia.Fear regarding long-term effects of insomnia and/or.The psychological symptoms of insomnia include: Increased risk of cardiovascular disease and/or.Increased risk of falls (particularly in the elderly).The aches are likely a result of the increased muscle tension, since the muscles miss out on the normal inhibition of motor activity that occurs during sleep Muscle aches can also precipitate neck and head aches. Muscle aches: These are common and are often more severe in the limbs.The physical symptoms of insomnia include: By definition, the primary complaint is the insomnia itself. There are no risk factors that put a person at greater risk of having primary insomnia. While insomnia following a tragedy often only occurs for the days or weeks following the event, if an individual does not receive appropriate counselling and grief management, the insomnia can become chronic. Acute insomnia may also occur in individuals experiencing trauma such as the loss of a loved one. Insomnia is particularly common in individuals with disrupted circadian rhythms, such as shift workers and individuals experiencing jet lag. One third of adults experience some degree of insomnia in any given year, and 2–6% use medications to aid sleep. Approximately 5% of the population experience chronic insomnia, with 25% of these cases being primary insomnia. Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder. Up to 90% of Australians suffer from a sleep disorder, with 30% experiencing a severe sleeping disorder. Individuals also report double vision and a feeling of being in slow motion. ![]() Chronic insomnia is associated with muscle fatigue, hallucinations and mental fatigue. Primary chronic insomnia is thought to occur in individuals who are in a state of hyperarousal. The insomnia may recur at the same time as changes within the body, as in disorders of the body clock or premenstrual insomnia. Cyclical insomnia may occur briefly or may be an issue throughout the life of a particular individual. It involves a lack of balance between sleep and wake cycles.
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